Opening math delimiters not seen

I have recently had some difficulty exporting to HTML a particular markdown cell containing many displayed equations. I’ve narrowed the problem down to circumstances where the opening $$ is preceded by a non-empty line and the math block contents look like a markdown list. For example,

When exported to HTML, this equation will appear properly

$$
M
+ C
$$

but this will be run into the preceding text and be treated as
markdown (e.g., the '+' will mark a list item):
$$
M
+ C
$$

I’m using nbconvert 6.3.0 on macOS, installed by Anaconda. I generally use Firefox to view the resulting HTML, but the output appears the same in Safari and Edge.

I know I’m most likely doing something wrong, but I’m not seeing it, and I would appreciate some help.