There is a bunch of thoughts on a related but different topic in https://github.com/jupyterhub/binderhub/issues/712 which also has a lot of links/issues referring to it.
If I understand you correctly you want to add parameters for the notebook, not the spawner (or BinderHub itself). This is what makes it a bit different from the issue I linked.
There are (at least?) two things to solve:
- recognise that the query parameters aren’t meant for the spawner and pass them on
- use a notebook to extract them from the final URL
No good idea right now but wanted to link the existing discussion.
One exciting but likely impractical idea: run a git repository server where https://gitrepos.idr.example.com/<datasetID> spits out a repo that is the same for all datasets except for the notebooks that it contains and what the dataset parameters are set to in the notebooks. Then your BinderHub link would refer to the repo for that dataset. (I have no idea if you can generate git repositories “on the fly” … that is why it is exciting and impractical 
)